PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.